Industrial Carbon Capture methodology.
V4 industrial carbon capture methodology covering flue gas capture and mineralisation in cement and steel.
Overview
Industrial carbon capture projects in India are nascent but growing, with the cement and steel sectors presenting the largest near-term opportunity. VM0041 (CCUS) and GS TPDDTEC provide the regulatory framework. V4's methodology addresses the most critical gap: global frameworks use industry-average baseline emission factors, while India's cement and steel plants vary significantly in efficiency and feedstock composition. V4 requires facility-specific baselines drawn from BEE (Bureau of Energy Efficiency) plant-level data and CEA fuel consumption records. The energy penalty of operating capture equipment is explicitly deducted from net sequestration claims.
The gap
India's cement and steel sectors have facility-specific emission profiles that global methodologies treat as generic.
V4 extensions
- +Facility-specific baseline from CEA/BEE data
- +Flue gas composition verification at plant level
- +Mineralisation permanence verification (geological storage)
- +Technology performance tracking vs design specifications
Assessment pillars for industrial carbon capture projects
Additionality (facility baseline and technology cost)
Permanence (geological or mineralisation storage)
Monitoring (capture rate, storage integrity)
Social safeguards (community impact)
Environmental safeguards (co-pollutant effects)
Common findings in industrial carbon capture projects
- -Capture rates claimed at design spec vs actual operational rate
- -Mineralisation permanence not independently verified
- -Facility baseline using national averages vs plant-specific data
- -Energy penalty of capture not fully accounted in net sequestration
Methodology update log
BEE plant-level database updated with 2024-25 energy audit data for 47 cement facilities.
Mineralisation permanence verification protocol aligned with ISO 14064-3 updates.
Energy penalty deduction methodology published as standalone technical note.
VM0041 applicability criteria mapped to India regulatory environment.